| dc.description.abstract | The annually recurrent seasonal influenza viruses, namely, influenza A viruses
(H1N1/pdm2009 and H3N2) and influenza B viruses, contribute substantially to
human disease burden. Elucidation of host adaptation, population dynamics and
evolutionary patterns of these viruses contribute to better control of current epidemic
situation and bolster efforts towards pandemic preparedness. Present study has been
addressed at unraveling the signatures of codon usage and dinucleotide distribution of
these seasonal influenza viruses associating with their fitness and ongoing adaptive
evolution in human population. Thorough analysis of codon usage adaptation revealed
that H3N2 has been exhibited best adapted to human cellular system, which correlate
with its highest epidemic intensity as compared with the other seasonal influenza
viruses. CpG dinucleotide was found to be strongly avoided among the seasonal
influenza viruses with more restraint among influenza B viruses than influenza A
viruses, and might be accounted to the strategy of the viral pathogens in evading
human immune signals. Dynamic scenes of ongoing evolution in codon usage and
elimination of CpG motif among the viruses, which correlate with their distinct host
adaption state, signifying the marked impact of selective force operational on the viral
genomes, aimed at proficient circulation, enhanced fitness and successful infective manifestations in humans. | en_US |
