https://repository.auw.edu.bd/handle/123456789/823 Tue, 14 Jul 2026 16:01:41 GMT 2026-07-14T16:01:41Z https://repository.auw.edu.bd/handle/123456789/1051 MicroRNA in Fibrotic Disorders: A Potential Target for Future Therapeutics Mollah, AKM Moinul Haque Fibrotic disorders are defined by accumulating excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) components, especially collagens, in various organs, leading to tissue scarring and organ dysfunction. These conditions are associated with significant challenges in the healthcare system because of their progressive nature and limited treatment options. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules (ap- proximately 22 nucleotides) that modulate gene expression by selectively targeting mRNAs for degradation or translational repression. MiRNAs have recently been identified as potential targets for therapeutic developments in fibrotic disorders. They play vital roles in inducing fibrotic phenotype by regulating fibroblast activation and ECM remodeling. Multiple strategies for targeting specific miRNAs in fibrotic disorders have been explored, including antisense oligonucleotides, small molecule modulators, and natural compounds. This review discussed the role of miRNAs in different fibrotic disorders, including cardiac fibrosis, liver fibrosis, kidney fibrosis, lung fibrosis, dermal fibrosis, and primary myelofibrosis, with recent advances in developing miRNA-based therapeutics. Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT https://repository.auw.edu.bd/handle/123456789/1051 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.auw.edu.bd/handle/123456789/1050 Exploring Inflammasome Complex as a Therapeutic Approach in Inflammatory Diseases Mollah, AKM Moinul Haque Inflammasomes, a group of multiprotein complexes, are essential in regulating inflam- mation and immune responses. Several inflammasomes, including nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 1 (NLRP1), NLRP3, NLRP6, NLRP7, NLRP12, interferon- inducible protein 16 (IFI16), NOD-like receptor family CARD domain-containing protein 4 (NLRC4), absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2), and pyrin, have been studied in various inflammatory diseases. Activating inflammasomes leads to the processing and production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. The NLRP3 inflammasome is the most extensively studied and well characterized. Consequently, targeting inflammasomes (particularly NLRP3) with several compounds, including small molecule inhibitors and natural compounds, has been studied as a potential therapeutic strategy. This review provides a comprehensive overview of different inflam- masomes and their roles in six inflammatory diseases, including multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. We also discussed different strategies that target inflammasomes to develop effective therapeutics. Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT https://repository.auw.edu.bd/handle/123456789/1050 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.auw.edu.bd/handle/123456789/1049 Investigating the presence of enteric bacteria and their antibiotic resistance in drinking water samples of slum households in port city Chattogram, Bangladesh Mollah, AKM Moinul Haque Globally, unsafe water supplies due to contamination with fecal coliforms are major issues in urban slums. To determine the presence of microbial risk, water samples were collected from three slums in the port city Chattogram and the most probable number (MPN) method was used to test for the presence of fecal coliform. All of the samples tested positive by the MPN test. The highest count was 1,100 MPN/100 mL and the lowest count was 7.2 MPN/100 mL. Water stored in containers was prone to being more contaminated than water collected directly from the source. To understand the antibiotic resistivity of the coliform bacteria isolated from the water samples, antibiotic susceptibility was evaluated using the Kirby-Bauer disc method for six antibiotics. All the bacteria were 100% resistant to penicillin-G and ampicillin, and 91.7% showed resistance to amoxicillin and mecillinam. An integrated approach to water, sanitation, and hygiene education must be undertaken when providing sustainable interventions in slums. Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT https://repository.auw.edu.bd/handle/123456789/1049 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repository.auw.edu.bd/handle/123456789/1048 Inadequacies in Hospital Waste and Sewerage Management in Chattogram, Bangladesh: Exploring Environmental and Occupational Health Hazards Mollah, AKM Moinul Haque Bangladesh has been grappling with the issues of improper hospital waste management. To reflect the inadequacies in existing management practices and the potential implications on the environment and health, this study evaluated the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) of doctors and nurses in a private and a public hospital in Chattogram city via a structured questionnaire survey. At the public hospital, 20.4% of the doctors and 6% of the nurses had occupational illnesses, compared to 36% of the doctors and 26.5% of the nurses at the private hospital. At the public hospital, 67.8% of the nurses wore PPE during waste collection, compared to 17.7% in the private hospital. Hospital wastes and occupational safety are not properly dealt with in both hospitals. An inadequacy was observed in the knowledge of hospital waste management among healthcare workers. The route of hospital wastes from the sources to the end destination was also traced via interviews and focus group discussions, which revealed that disposal practices of the hospital solid waste were environmentally unsustainable. In attempts to show opportunities for environmental and health risks from the hospital wastewater, this study also investigated the quality of the wastewater and tested it for the presence of resistant enteric pathogens. E. coli and S. aureus from both hospitals showed resistance against some common antibiotics used in Bangladesh. The physicochemical properties of the samples were nearly compliant with the Bangladesh Water Quality Standards for hospital wastewater. While more robust sampling and water quality analysis are required, this study provides basic water quality indicators and scope for future research to understand the apparent significant negative impact on the environment and health. Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT https://repository.auw.edu.bd/handle/123456789/1048 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z