Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene for Small Shopkeepers: A Perspective from Bangladesh

Abstract

Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) facilities and programs for small shopkeepers (SSKs) in low and middle income countries have not been explored in detail in the scientific or grey-literature or developmental initiatives. This scoping study employs a structured questionnaire survey, semi-structured key informant interviews, and focus group discussions with SSKs in Dhaka City, Bangladesh, as well as interviews with officials from government and non-government groups. The study revealed that the majority of the SSKs are typically categorized as a floating population, leading them to face a range of problems associated with WASH such as absence of relevant statistical data, unhygienic sanitation technologies, insufficient public baths and toilets, unsafe drinking water, and lack of awareness of safe personal WASH behavior. All respondents experienced WASH-borne diseases such as diarrhea, stomach infections and pains at least once a month, resulting in a loss of 10% of monthly income on average. Based on these findings, it is recommended a census be conducted in order to collect proper statistics on SSKs to develop and implement both technical initiatives (e.g. safe drinking water points) and non-technical programs (e.g. awareness) to improve conditions for this marginalized population and contribute to the sustainable development goals in Bangladesh and globally.